AFDD 2-1.9, page 80

70 intelligence to combatant commanders, consists of several physically separated squadrons and does not fall under any geographic combatant command. As such, it is called upon to support US Air Forces Europe (USAFE), Central Air Forces (CENTAF), Pacific Air Forces (PACAF), and other targeting efforts, often at the same time. Unless clear guidance or memoranda of agreement are put in place, a COMAFFOR may see part of his expected federated targeting infrastructure assigned to other tasks. Effective delineation of duties is critical if this federated targeting system is to work in both peace and war. Such federated support is necessary for all aspects of ongoing targeting readiness, and is important to keep in mind while addressing specific targeting duties. Targeting duties are typically the responsibility of the targeteers in air intelligence squadrons (AIS) and information operations teams (IOT). These units provide the core personnel for an air intelligence group (AIG) or air and space operations group (AOG), depending on the theater. Commanders of these units must ensure that their personnel are conducting all necessary targeting planning activities for their areas of responsibility during peacetime. TARGET DEVELOPMENT Much of peacetime targeting readiness is geared toward target development. Targeteers work closely with AIS intelligence analysts to develop target intelligence and target system models. However, they may have to coordinate with many types of intelligence analysts (general military intelligence, imagery, signals intelligence [SIGINT], human intelligence [HUMINT], etc.), outside of the CAOC. See Appendix B for specifics. Even if there are no official federation procedures in place, CAOC targeteers should still work with these organizations to utilize their expertise. Selection of targets is dependent on a systematic study of available intelligence. Without such intelligence and its systematic analysis there can be no rational planning for the application of air power. An organization with a high degree of analytical competence is required to perform this targeting function. It requires competent, trained personnel who understand the capabilities and limitations of intelligence as well as aerospace [sic] forces. These individuals must have access to a current database and the knowledge to use it. Finally, as the [United States Strategic Bombing Survey] states, the lack of this ability at the beginning of a future national emergency might prove disastrous! —John Glock “The Evolution of Air Force Targeting,” Airpower Journal, Fall 1994