ATP 2-33.4, page 13

Fundamentals of Intelligence Analysis THE ANALYTICAL PROCESS 1-6. Intelligence analysis is the process by which collected information is evaluated and integrated with existing information to produce intelligence. The steps of the all-source intelligence analysis process are evaluate, analyze, and synthesize. This process is dynamic and continuously integrates new and existing data throughout the effort. It also ensures that all data goes through a criterion-based logical process of determining its value prior to updating existing assessments. For the purpose of this process— e Evaluate is when the data of reporting are assigned a value respective to the source and application of the data. e Analyze is when data from information reports is dissected into each subcomponent of the report. e@ = Synthesize is when the data is combined with previous holdings to update existing products, which potentially creates new assessments (or corroborates the existing ones, although new data may change previously accepted assessments). 1-7. Analysis requires the continuous examination of information, intelligence, and knowledge about the threat and significant aspects of the operational environments to build a body of intelligence in order to reach a conclusion. Intelligence analysis is performed by intelligence personnel and other personnel conducting intelligence analytical tasks. 1-8. Intelligence analysis is enabled by the ability to order information, recognize patterns, and reason soundly; the ability to apply critical and creative thinking; and the application of analytic techniques. Each of these abilities is discussed fully in chapter 2. The application of various analytical techniques is designed to aid in the evaluation of specific situations, conditions, entities, areas, devices, or problems. These techniques are described in detail in chapters 3 through 5. 1-9. Unlike IPB or planning requirements and assessing collection—which are processes that follow specific steps and are tied to other larger processes—intelligence analysis is a combination of unique activities that occur within all-source intelligence and each of the Army’s intelligence disciplines. For example, many of the processes, activities, and techniques used by signals intelligence (SIGINT) analysts will differ from those used by human intelligence collectors. Yet, each examines information and intelligence products and builds knowledge about the threat and other significant aspects of the environment. 1-10. Working together, the individual members of each intelligence discipline within an intelligence organization conduct intelligence analysis as part of an integrated and collaborative team focused on providing timely, relevant, and accurate intelligence to the commander. The evaluation of information collected by single-source intelligence collection assets leads to the development of all-source intelligence products and assessments. SINGLE-SOURCE ANALYSIS 1-11. Army intelligence personnel ensure the best possible intelligence is always available to support the commander. Intelligence personnel do this by integrating the information compiled and analyzed within each intelligence discipline or complementary intelligence capability and by integrating the knowledge, judgment, experience, expertise, and perceptions of members of the intelligence community through collaboration and dialogue. 1-12. U.S. Army intelligence personnel work within seven different intelligence disciplines that are organized to collect, process, produce, and disseminate intelligence: counterintelligence, geospatial intelligence, human intelligence, measurement and signature intelligence, open-source intelligence, SIGINT, and technical intelligence. Each of these intelligence disciplines are integral components of the Army’s multidiscipline intelligence support to operations and routinely use information and intelligence generated within the other disciplines to aid the analytical effort. The intelligence analysis process— evaluate, analyze, synthesize— within each intelligence discipline is the same as the process used in all- source analysis. 1-13. Complementary intelligence capabilities contribute valuable information for all-source intelligence to facilitate the conduct of operations. The complementary intelligence capabilities are specific to the unit and 18 August 2014 ATP 2-33.4 1-3 Fundamentals of Intelligence Analysis 18 August 2014 ATP 2-33.4 1-3 THE ANALYTICAL PROCESS 1-6. Intelligence analysis is the process by which collected information is evaluated and integrated with existing information to produce intelligence. The steps of the all-source intelligence analysis process are evaluate, analyze, and synthesize. This process is dynamic and continuously integrates new and existing data throughout the effort. It also ensures that all data goes through a criterion-based logical process of determining its value prior to updating existing assessments. For the purpose of this process—  Evaluate is when the data of reporting are assigned a value respective to the source and application of the data.  Analyze is when data from information reports is dissected into each subcomponent of the report.  Synthesize is when the data is combined with previous holdings to update existing products, which potentially creates new assessments (or corroborates the existing ones, although new data may change previously accepted assessments). 1-7. Analysis requires the continuous examination of information, intelligence, and knowledge about the threat and significant aspects of the operational environments to build a body of intelligence in order to reach a conclusion. Intelligence analysis is performed by intelligence personnel and other personnel conducting intelligence analytical tasks. 1-8. Intelligence analysis is enabled by the ability to order information, recognize patterns, and reason soundly; the ability to apply critical and creative thinking; and the application of analytic techniques. Each of these abilities is discussed fully in chapter 2. The application of various analytical techniques is designed to aid in the evaluation of specific situations, conditions, entities, areas, devices, or problems. These techniques are described in detail in chapters 3 through 5. 1-9. Unlike IPB or planning requirements and assessing collection—which are processes that follow specific steps and are tied to other larger processes—intelligence analysis is a combination of unique activities that occur within all-source intelligence and each of the Army’s intelligence disciplines. For example, many of the processes, activities, and techniques used by signals intelligence (SIGINT) analysts will differ from those used by human intelligence collectors. Yet, each examines information and intelligence products and builds knowledge about the threat and other significant aspects of the environment. 1-10. Working together, the individual members of each intelligence discipline within an intelligence organization conduct intelligence analysis as part of an integrated and collaborative team focused on providing timely, relevant, and accurate intelligence to the commander. The evaluation of information collected by single-source intelligence collection assets leads to the development of all-source intelligence products and assessments. SINGLE-SOURCE ANALYSIS 1-11. Army intelligence personnel ensure the best possible intelligence is always available to support the commander. Intelligence personnel do this by integrating the information compiled and analyzed within each intelligence discipline or complementary intelligence capability and by integrating the knowledge, judgment, experience, expertise, and perceptions of members of the intelligence community through collaboration and dialogue. 1-12. U.S. Army intelligence personnel work within seven different intelligence disciplines that are organized to collect, process, produce, and disseminate intelligence: counterintelligence, geospatial intelligence, human intelligence, measurement and signature intelligence, open-source intelligence, SIGINT, and technical intelligence. Each of these intelligence disciplines are integral components of the Army’s multidiscipline intelligence support to operations and routinely use information and intelligence generated within the other disciplines to aid the analytical effort. The intelligence analysis process— evaluate, analyze, synthesize— within each intelligence discipline is the same as the process used in all- source analysis. 1-13. Complementary intelligence capabilities contribute valuable information for all-source intelligence to facilitate the conduct of operations. The complementary intelligence capabilities are specific to the unit and