JP 3-0, page 50

Chapter II II-10 JP 3-0 objectives. Assessment actions and measures help commanders adjust operations and resources as required, determine when to execute branches and sequels, and make other critical decisions to ensure current and future operations remain aligned with the mission and military end state. Normally, the operations directorate of a joint staff (J-3), assisted by the intelligence directorate of a joint staff (J-2), is responsible for coordinating assessment activities. The chief of staff facilitates the assessment process and the determination of CCIRs by incorporating them into the HQ’s battle rhythm. Various elements of the JFC’s staff use assessment results to adjust both current operations and future planning. d. Actions by friendly forces, the HN and population, adversary, and neutral diplomatic, informational, and economic entities in the operational environment can affect military actions and objectives. When relevant to the mission, the commander must determine how to assess results of these actions to include relevant information on the civil environment. This typically requires collaboration with other agencies and interorganizational partners— preferably within a common, accepted process—in the interest of unified action. Many of these organizations may be outside the JFC’s authority. Accordingly, the JFC should grant some joint force organizations (CA directorate/CMOC) authority for direct coordination with key outside organizations—such as USG interagency elements from the Departments of State or Homeland Security, national intelligence agencies, intelligence sources in other nations, and other CCMDs—to the extent necessary to ensure timely and accurate assessments. e. Levels of War and Assessment (1) Assessment occurs at all levels and across the range of military operations. Even in operations that do not include combat, assessment of progress is just as important and can be more complex than traditional combat assessment. As a general rule, the level at which a specific operation, task, or action is directed should be the level at which such activity is assessed. To do this, JFCs and their staffs consider assessment ways, means, and measures during planning, preparation, and execution. This properly focuses assessment and collection at each level, reduces redundancy, and enhances the efficiency of the overall assessment process. (2) Assessment at the operational and strategic levels is typically broader than at the tactical level (e.g., combat assessment), and uses measures of effectiveness (MOEs) and measures of performance (MOPs) that support strategic and operational mission accomplishment. Assessment at these levels concentrates on broader tasks, conditions, objectives, and progress toward the military end state. Continuous assessment helps the JFC and joint force component commanders determine if the joint force is “doing the right things” (MOE) to achieve its objectives, not just “doing things right” (MOP). (3) Tactical-level assessment uses MOEs and MOPs to evaluate task accomplishment. The results of tactical tasks are often physical in nature, but also can reflect the impact on specific functions and systems. Tactical-level assessment may include assessing progress by phase lines; destruction of enemy forces; control of key terrain, peoples, or resources; and other tasks. Assessment of results at the tactical level helps commanders determine operational and strategic progress, so JFCs must have a