JP 3-60, page 19

I-1 CHAPTER I UNDERSTANDING TARGETS AND TARGETING 1. Introduction Targeting is the process of selecting and prioritizing targets and matching the appropriate response to them, considering operational requirements and capabilities. Joint targeting is a fundamental task of the fires function that encompasses many disciplines and requires participation from all joint force staff elements and components, along with various nonmilitary agencies. The primary purpose of joint targeting is to integrate and synchronize all weapon systems and capabilities. Targeting helps integrate and synchronize fires with other joint functions (command and control [C2], intelligence, movement and maneuver, protection, and sustainment) during the joint operation planning process (JOPP). While the focus of this publication is joint targeting, it should also be understood that not all military operations require fires based targeting as it is not the only joint function by which joint force commander’s (JFC’s) objectives are achieved. Careful analysis and understanding of the specific mission and the JFC’s objectives will help determine if joint targeting is necessary to achieve the objectives. SECTION A. TARGETS 2. Target Description a. A target is an entity (person, place, or thing) considered for possible engagement or action to alter or neutralize the function it performs for the adversary. A target’s importance derives from its potential contribution to achieving a commander’s objective(s) or otherwise accomplishing assigned tasks. These objectives must be consistent with national strategic direction and selected to accomplish the assigned missions and tasks. Targets nominated for attack may include the following: (1) Facility: a geographically located, defined physical structure, group of structures, or area that provides a function that contributes to a target system’s capability. (2) Individual(s): a person or persons who provide a function that contributes to a target system’s capability. (3) Virtual: an entity in cyberspace that provides a function that contributes to a target system’s capability. (4) Equipment: a device that provides a function that contributes to a target system’s capability. “It is not the object of war to annihilate those who have given provocation for it, but to cause them to mend their ways.” Histories by the Greek historian Polybius (circa 200 to 118 B.C.)