JP 3-60, page 99

C-1 APPENDIX C COMPONENT TARGETING PROCESSES 1. Component Commander Inputs to Joint Targeting Cycle Component commanders are instrumental to the joint targeting cycle by assisting the JFC in formulating guidance, controlling many of the collection assets, engaging targets, and providing feedback as part of the assessment process. These functions remain constant regardless of how the joint force is organized (functional or Service components). Coordination and communication between components, theater analysts, and federation partners can be especially critical in regard to TSTs. 2. Four-Phase Targeting Process: Land and Maritime Components a. Land and maritime force commanders normally use an interrelated process to enhance joint fire support planning and interface with the joint targeting cycle known as the decide, detect, deliver, and assess (D3A) methodology. D3A incorporates the same fundamental functions of the joint targeting cycle as the F2T2EA process and functions within phase 5 of the joint targeting cycle. The D3A methodology facilitates synchronizing maneuver, intelligence, and fire support. b. Through JIPOE, the commander builds a picture of the adversary, or threat model, and the operational environment, which may include neutral and multinational partners. The threat model includes an order of battle, COP, and other products. Through these efforts, the commander, staff, and components identify what threat capabilities the adversary may possess. c. The commander decides upon a scheme of maneuver, organizes available collection and fire support assets, and promulgates command guidance. Upon execution of the collections plan, ISR assets detect HPTs and firing units deliver fires on them in accordance with the commander’s guidance. Assessment reporting allows the staff to continually assess adversary and friendly capabilities. (1) In the decide phase, target categories are identified for engagement. Fire support, intelligence, and operations personnel decide what targets to look for, where the targets can be found in the operational environment, who can locate those targets, and how the targets should be attacked based on the commander’s intent and the desired end state. Integrating component targeting processes, especially in terms of component coordination and communication, is critical for all targeting. Together, they determine the available assets to be allocated and additional assets required. They also identify channels needed to provide acquisition information on a real-time basis. (2) The detect phase is designed to acquire the targets selected in the decide phase. In this phase, target acquisition assets and agencies execute the intelligence collection plan and focus on specific areas of interest. Targets must be monitored after detection (especially mobile targets). Tracking is an essential element of the detect function. Tracking priorities