AFDD 2-1.9, page 104

94 a. AFDD 2-4.5, Legal Support, ROE Chapter. This chapter provides guidance in how to develop ROE. Considerations discussed include: ROE development is a collaborative effort (vertical and horizontal among organizations); ROE development must integrate all players (JA, commanders, planners, operators); ROE should not be too specific or restrictive; and ROE need to provide simple, clear guidance to accomplish the mission. b. Air and Space Commander’s Handbook for the JFACC. This handbook is a quick “spin up” reference and focuses on CFACC effectiveness. Considerations discussed in the appendix include: ROE requires mission analysis; ROE development is an integral part of operational planning; and ROE should not substitute for guidance, intent and judgment. “ROE-like” Restrictions Impacting Targeting Are there any other restrictions that may impact targeting? Restrictions that are not formally issued as ROE may exist in other documents. In theory, these would be explicitly incorporated in the ROE or at least incorporated by reference. In practice, this is not always the case. As such, it is imperative that all personnel involved in targeting work—operators, planners and judge advocates—ensure they are aware of all applicable targeting restrictions regardless of how these restrictions are characterized or issued. Some examples are listed below. Target Lists. The NSL, RTL, and JTL are compiled and maintained by the combatant command. An NSL will contain those facilities and structures that are protected under LOAC (churches, hospitals, etc). The RTL contains facilities and structures for which approval must first be obtained from the establishing authority before striking. These are on the RTL because there is some function or valid military reason for why it should not be struck. Targets on the JTL may also contain restrictions in the target folders. Although a target itself may be approved for strike and placed on the JTL, its target folder may restrict specific DPIs from being struck or restrict the size or type of munitions that may be used against the target or some of its DPIs. For example, if a target is near a sensitive site, such as a school, the DPIs closest to the school may be restricted entirely or restricted to only certain types of weapons. Collateral Damage Methodology (CDM). Historically, various combatant commands have conducted CDM according to their own standards. Joint Chiefs of Staff directives now delineate a coherent five-step process that standardizes DOD CDM practices. The JAOP. Many restrictions from the combatant commander, CFC, and the CFACC will be found in sections of the JAOP that set forth standing orders or commander’s intent. Special Instructions. SPINs are periodically issued by the CAOC and usually have several sections that may contain ROE. Most SPINs have a subsection specifically