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Military manual AFDD 2-1.9 Page 105 of 130 text: pdf

AFDD 2-1.9, page 105

Targeting

Air Force Doctrine Document: Targeting

DTIC ADA454614 public copy

Page 105 of AFDD 2-1.9
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95 called “ROE” that may contain ROE changes until a new version or regular changes to the OPORD can be published. This section will also contain any amplification the CFACC deems necessary for complex ROE provisions. Fragmentary Orders (FRAGO). In some past operations, restrictions from the combatant commander impacting targeting were also published in FRAGOs. Fire Support Annex. The fire support annex to an OPORD may also contain additional guidance or information concerning targeting. Coalition Concerns. Coalition forces may have their own set of ROE that may not be similar to US ROE. That may impact whether coalition forces have the authority to strike certain sensitive targets such as leadership, WMD, etc. or the type of support they are able to provide to US forces striking those targets. US forces operating from coalition bases (e.g., Diego Garcia) may also have restrictions placed on them—and on the targeting they execute—by coalition ROE as well. Close coordination is required with coalition partners during targeting to facilitate the understanding of their ROE and the limits it may impose on them. ROLE OF THE JUDGE ADVOCATE So what does the JA have to do with targeting? The JA assists the planners and operators with reviewing targets for compliance with applicable LOAC/ROE restrictions (including collateral damage and other combatant commander restrictions) prior to mission execution. Legal advice and counsel is necessary to the development, interpretation, modification, and proper implementation of the ROE. JAs and their support staff should be trained, operationally oriented, and readily accessible to assist planners and operators with international legal considerations and ROE or related issues. JAs have an affirmative duty to provide legal advice to commanders and their staffs that is consistent with the international and domestic legal obligations and the governing ROE. The complexity of international legal considerations along with the ROE requires JAs to be available at all stages in the tasking cycle. JAs are usually available 24/7 to the strategy, plans and operations divisions within an CAOC. Additionally, JAs are usually available at the expeditionary wing and group level to assist commanders, aircrew, and planners at the tactical level with targeting-related issues at that level. It should be emphasized, however, that inputs and counsel provided by the JA and staff are advisory rather than authoritative. Legal considerations must be weighed against military necessity, imminent threat, and/or operational gain by the CFACC and CFC.