AFDP 3-60, page 29

Air Force Doctrine Publication 3-60, Targeting 26 component perspective, assessment is conducted at the unit level with intelligence and operational personnel estimating the mission's success and providing supporting data. These assessments include, but are not limited to, in-flight reporting, weapon system video (WSV), mission reports (MISREPs), full motion video (FMV), and cyberspace activities. At the operational level for the air component, an assessment is typically led by the operational assessment team (OAT) located in the SRD, which may leverage other organizations for reachback support. Assessment products are standardized but can be tailored to the level and type of assessment.38 Battle Damage Assessment (BDA). The purpose of BDA is to estimate target damage or effects resulting from the application of kinetic and non-kinetic capabilities.39 Comprehensive BDA requires a coordinated and integrated effort between intelligence and operations functions. The SIDO can pass BDA collected in real time during the execution phase with the ISRD’s TTA producing BDA reports. BDA is defined by three phases:  Phase I BDA: The initial target assessment reporting on physical damage assessment (PDA) of the target. This BDA level phase is often derived from single-source reporting (e.g., sortie debrief, WSV review, initial imagery report).  Phase II BDA: The initial functional damage assessment (FDA) of the target and an estimate of the recuperation time required to repair or reconstitute the target’s function. This BDA level is often derived from the assessed physical damage and all-source intelligence.  Phase III BDA: This is the target system damage assessment (TSDA), which encompasses all-source assessments of the change and remaining target system functional capabilities and capacities relative to the targeting objectives after military operations began. It is based on the FDAs of individual targets within the system and on changes driven by second- and third-order effects. This is normally produced by national-level intelligence agencies working closely with the joint force assessment teams (J2, J3, and J5). Collateral Damage Assessment (CDA). This compares the CDE with the observed, inferred, or reported damage. If analysts anticipated collateral damage, CDAs may inform and refine CDEs. Munitions effectiveness assessment (MEA). This combined operations and intelligence function evaluates if a munition performed as intended. Its findings provide immediate feedback to adjust current weaponeering and long-term data to update the Joint Munitions Effectiveness Manual (JMEM), ensuring more accurate future analysis. Reattack Recommendations. These merge the picture of what was done (BDA) with how it was done (MEA) and compare the result with MOEs. Reattach recommendations 38 For additional on tactical and combat assessment, refer to JP 5-0, Joint Planning, JP 3-60, Joint Targeting, AFTTP 3-2.87, MTTP for Operation Assessment, AFMAN 13-1AOCV3, CJCSI 3162.02, Methodology for Combat Assessment, and CJCSI 3370.01, Target Development Standards. 39 See JP 3-60, Joint Targeting, for additional information.