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Chapter V V-38 JP 3-0 surroundings and to other units during execution. Rehearsals also provide a forum for subordinate leaders to analyze the plan, but they must exercise caution in adjusting the plan. Changes must be coordinated throughout the chain of command to prevent errors in integration and synchronization. HQ at the tactical level often conduct rehearsals involving participation of maneuver forces positioned on terrain that mirrors the operational environment. HQ at the operational level rehearse key aspects of a plan using command post exercises, typically supported by computer-aided simulations. While the joint force may not be able to rehearse an entire operation, the JFC should identify essential elements for rehearsal. d. Maintaining Operational Area Access. JFCs establish and maintain access to operational areas where they are likely to operate, ensuring forward presence, basing (to include availability of airfields), freedom of navigation, and cooperation with allied and/or coalition nations to enhance operational reach. In part, this effort is national or multinational, involving maintenance of intertheater (between theaters) air and sea LOCs. Supporting CCDRs can greatly enhance this effort. e. Space Considerations. Space operations are a critical enabler that supports all joint operations. When conflict occurs, commanders need to ensure US, allied, and/or multinational forces gain and maintain space superiority, which is achieved through global and theater space control, space force enhancement, space support, and space force application operations. Also, commanders must anticipate hostile actions that may affect friendly space operations. Commanders should anticipate the proliferation and increasing sophistication of commercial space capabilities and products available that the commander can leverage, but which also may be available to the adversary. USSTRATCOM has the responsibility to plan and conduct space operations. The GCC has the responsibility to conduct theater space operations, and may request the CDRUSSTRATCOM’s assistance in integrating space forces, capabilities, and considerations into each phase of campaign and major OPLANs. Global and theater space operations require robust planning and skilled employment to synchronize and integrate space operations with the joint operation. It is therefore incumbent upon the GCCs to coordinate as required to minimize conflicts. Space capabilities help shape the operational environment in a variety of ways including providing ISR and communications necessary for keeping commanders and leaders informed worldwide. JFCs and their components should request space support early in the planning process to ensure effective and efficient use of space assets. f. Stability Operations. Activities in the shape phase primarily will focus on continued planning and preparation for anticipated stability operations in the subsequent phases. These activities should include conducting collaborative interagency planning to synchronize the civil-military effort, confirming the feasibility of pertinent military objectives and the military end state, and providing for adequate intelligence, an appropriate force mix, and other capabilities. Stability operations in this phase may be required to quickly restore security and infrastructure or provide humanitarian relief in select portions of the operational area to dissuade further adversary actions or to help gain and maintain access and future success.