JP 3-0, page 167

Joint Operations Across the Range of Military Operations V-61 Security force assistance plays an important part during stability operations by supporting and augmenting the development of the capacity and capability of FSFs and their supporting institutions. Likewise, the JFC’s communications strategy will play an important role in providing public information to foreign populations during this period. For further guidance on SFA, refer to JP 3-22, Foreign Internal Defense. (2) The military’s predominant presence and its ability to command and control forces and logistics under extreme conditions may give it the de facto lead in stability operations normally governed by other agencies that lack such capacities. However, some stability operations likely will be in support of, or transition to support of, US diplomatic, UN, or HN efforts. Integrated civilian and military efforts are key to success and military forces need to work competently in this environment while properly supporting the agency in charge. To be effective, planning and conducting stability operations require a variety of perspectives and expertise and the cooperation and assistance of OGAs, other Services, and alliance or multinational partners. Military forces should be prepared to work in integrated civilian military teams that could include representatives from other US departments and agencies, foreign governments and security forces, IGOs, NGOs, and members of the private sector with relevant skills and expertise. Typical military support includes emergency infrastructure reconstruction, engineering, logistics, law enforcement, HSS, and other activities to restore essential services. For further guidance on stability operations, refer to JP 3-07, Stability Operations, and Department of Defense Instruction (DODI) 3000.05, Stability Operations. (a) CA forces are organized and trained to perform CA operations that support CMO conducted in conjunction with stability operations. MISO forces will develop, produce, and disseminate products to gain and reinforce popular support for the JFC’s objectives. Complementing conventional forces IW efforts, SOF will conduct FID to assess, train, advise, and assist foreign military and paramilitary forces as they develop the capacity to secure their own lands and populations. For further guidance on SOF, refer to JP 3-05, Special Operations. (b) CI activities safeguard essential elements of friendly information. This is particularly pertinent in countering adversary HUMINT efforts. HN authorities, IGOs, and NGOs working closely with US forces may pass information (knowingly or unknowingly) to adversary elements that enables them to interfere with stability operations. Members of the local populace, who might actually be belligerents, often gain access to US military personnel and their bases by providing services such as laundry and cooking. They can then pass on information gleaned from that interaction in order to seek favor with a belligerent element or to avoid retaliation from belligerents. The JFC must consider these and similar possibilities and take appropriate actions to counter potential compromise. CI personnel develop an estimate of the threat and recommend appropriate actions.