JP 3-28, page 85

Supporting and Sustaining Activities V-11 accomplished to identify possible environmental issues before a negative impact occurs. Close liaison and communication with the applicable DOD regional environmental coordinator will also aid in ultimate resolution of environmental issues with federal, state, local, territorial and tribal agencies. Environmental impacts will be addressed as soon as possible once operations have stabilized. Emergency exemptions may be needed for disposal of contaminated and hazardous material. DOD forces should direct their efforts to properly identify, contain, document, and transfer environmental issues to civil authorities as soon as possible. For additional information on engineer organizations and Service assets, see JP 3-34, Joint Engineer Operations. 6. Public Affairs During DSCA operations, military PA activities, military civil authority information support (CAIS) element activities, public information actions, and news media access to the DSCA operational area are subject to approval by the primary agency. The primary agency may establish a joint information center (JIC) to coordinate PA, CAIS, and public information actions. The DOD forces should coordinate PA activities and comply with PA guidance from the JIC and, if one is not set up, from the JFO. a. Media Access. News media access to DSCA operational areas is determined by local or state authorities. The public’s perception of the response depends to a great extent on traditional and social media reporting. This perception also influences the level of cooperation and coordination between military and civilian leaders. Positive public support facilitates mission accomplishment. Lack of public support, on the other hand, can seriously impede the effectiveness of military forces during the execution of DSCA operations. Additionally, the ability of today’s media technologies to rapidly transmit information, often inaccurately or without proper context can shape the way the public views the role, use, value, and success of the military and ultimately impact public support of operations. b. DOD PA. In fulfilling its DSCA role, the CCMD will be an active member of the federal response community. DOD PA officers operate in an interagency environment, with emphasis on cooperation, coordination, and unity of effort that is tailored to support the ESF #15 (External Affairs) requirement to provide accurate, coordinated, timely, and accessible information. It is critical that PA and visual information activities are planned, coordinated, and integrated across government and private organizations. See JP 3-61, Public Affairs, for additional information. c. CAIS. Psychological operations (PSYOP) forces can be employed domestically for CAIS under direction and authority of a designated LFA or civil authority. When executing CAIS activities, PSYOP forces are restricted by policy and SecDef guidance to only broadcasting and disseminating public information. When authorized for employment in this manner, PSYOP forces utilize their media development, production, and dissemination capabilities to deliver public or other critical information during