…A division headquarters leverages joint force capabilities and conducts shaping operations within its AO to create favorable conditions for the success of its subordinate units. A division headquarters allocates resources, designates the main and supporting efforts…

…An indicator is positive or negative evidence of threat activity or any characteristic of the AO that points toward threat vulnerabilities, the adoption or rejection by the threat of a particular activity, or that may influence…

…An avenue of approach into a unit’s AO from one of its flanks normally requires establishing supplementary positions to allow a unit or weapon system to engage enemy forces traveling along that avenue.  A…

…Additionally, the AO’s characteristics and the enemy force’s dispositions help commanders determine the form of maneuver. A single operation may contain several forms of maneuver. (See FM 3-90-1 for a discussion of…

…Commanders consider mutual support when task-organizing forces, assigning AOs, and positioning units. Mutual support has two aspects—supporting range and supporting distance. 2-66. Mutual support exists between two or more units or positions when…

… Second, to indicate that a force is not required to clear the AO as it advances. The force will need to clear the axis in accordance with specified bypass criteria.  Third, to indicate to…

…Tactical through strategic land operations depend on the ability of Army forces to affect the behavior and capabilities of enemies, adversaries, and the local population in their area of operations (AO). The ability to influence relevant…

Chapter 4 4-16 ADP 3-90 31 July 2019 throughout an AO and closely control their use. Commanders may allocate mobility resources to maintain main supply routes to support units and supplies moving forward and…

…A mobile defense requires an AO with considerable depth. Commanders shape their battlefields causing enemy forces to overextend their LOCs, expose their flanks, and dissipate their combat power. Commanders move friendly forces around and behind enemy…

…The security force may be protecting the civilian population, civil institutions, and civilian infrastructure with the unit’s AO.  Cover is a type of security operation done independent of the main body to protect them…

Chapter V V-54 JP 3-0 (e) Nonlinear Operations in Noncontiguous AOs. The lower right-hand pane of Figure V-5 depicts both the JFC and subordinate JFCs conducting nonlinear operations (e.g., during 1992…

…They understand their AO, their mission, and the capabilities of their forces. Commanders create shared understanding by developing and issuing planning guidance based on their visualization of how to solve tactical problems. They then direct COA…

…MARFOR AO ARFOR AO JSA MARFOR AO JSA JSOA ARFOR AO Legend AO area of operations ARFOR Army forces JSA joint security area JSOA joint special operations area MARFOR Marine Corps forces

…Commanders orient their reconnaissance assets by identifying a reconnaissance objective within an AO. The reconnaissance objective is a terrain feature, geographic area, enemy force, adversary, or other mission or operational variable about which the commander wants…

…Snipers should operate throughout the AO, moving with and supporting the companies as necessary. Some teams may be designated to operate independently of other forces. They may be tasked to search for targets of opportunity, especially…

…To facilitate this integration and synchronization, they have the authority to designate target priority, effects, and timing of fires within their AOs. (a) Synchronization of efforts within land or maritime AOs with theater- and/or JOA…

…JFCs may define AOs for land and maritime forces. AOs typically do not encompass the entire operational area of the JFC, but should be large enough for component commanders to accomplish their missions and protect their…

Joint Operations Across the Range of Military Operations V-53 (d) Nonlinear Operations in Contiguous AOs. The lower left-hand pane in Figure V-5 illustrates the JFC’s entire assigned operational area divided into subordinate…

…Combat in built-up areas exposes Marines not only to combat wounds, but also to the diseases endemic to the AO. Commanders must enforce preventive measures against the spread of infectious diseases. The unit surgeon advises…

…To facilitate these operations, JFCs may establish AOs within their operational area. Synchronization and/or integration of maneuver and interdiction within land or maritime AOs is of