kai ji adam lo

…However, LOS must be maintained in order to exploit this advantage. Radars should not be placed in the midst of a city due to masking. They are best located on the outskirts of the city. (9…

…Commanders consider the effects of built-up areas on communications when they allocate time to establish communications. LOS limitations affect both visual and radio communications. Wire laid at street level is easily damaged by rubble and…

…Urbanized terrain renders LOS radios ineffective. Also, individual Marines normally do not have access to radios. Therefore, a wounded Marine within a building may be difficult to find and evacuate. The unit SOP should contain alternate…

…These structures inhibit LOS radio communications by absorbing or reflecting transmitted signals. However, the urban environment may have exploitable advantages such as the availability of MCWP 3-35.3 2-14

…The following are some devices and techniques to improve target acquisition for indirect fires: (1) If the target is within LOS, tanks and LAVs can rapidly identify the target and provide an accurate range. (2) Preregistered…

…On the other hand, high ground or tall buildings can provide perches which enhance line of sight (LOS) for observation and communications as well as for individual and crew-served weapons. This includes personally-carried surface…

…line of departure LOS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . line of sight LZ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . landing zone MAGTF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Marine air-ground task force MCDP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Marine Corps doctrinal publication MCRP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Marine Corps reference publication MCWP . . . . . . . . . . . Marine Corps warfighting publication MEDEVAC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . medical evacuation MEF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Marine…

…The city of Los Angeles alone has more than 200 miles of storm sewers located under the city streets. Both attacker and defender can use subterranean avenues to maneuver to the rear or the flanks of…

…This will enhance LOS radio communications. (4) Use messengers at all levels because they are the most reliable and secure means of communications. b. Intelligence. The discussion in Chapter 2 pertains equally to a defensive operation…

…Air defense (Stinger) weapons are positioned on rooftops and parking garages in order to obtain LOS coverage for the units they are protecting. Stinger teams can be assigned the mission of protecting specific positions or placed…

…In the alert carry, the Marine keeps both eyes open and scans for any threat with the weapon always in line with the Marine’s LOS (this is called “guns ’n’ eyeballs”). When a threat is…

…These systems function the same as some communications equipmentCby LOS. They cannot determine underground locations or positions within a building. These systems should be employed on the tops of buildings, in open areas, and down streets…

…street is wider, the observer has a better chance to look and fire into the window openings (Figure I-22). Figure I-22. LOS Distances and Angles of Obliquity Military Operations on Urbanized Terrain I - 15