round rock

…A 155-mm round can penetrate 36 inches of concrete at ranges up to 2,200 meters. Restrictions may be placed on the type of ammunition used in order to reduce rubbling on friendly avenues of…

…Even if the round or burst misses, enough flaming material enters the position to cause casualties and disrupt the enemy occupants. The M34 WP grenade is difficult to throw far or into a small opening such…

…They should select an entry point before moving toward the building; avoid windows and doors; use smoke to conceal their advance to the building; use demolitions, tank rounds, and so on to make new entrances; precede…

a high-explosive antitank (HEAT) round become casualties. Other soldiers inside a fortification could be deafened, dazed, or shocked but could eventually return to action. (1) AT4. The AT4 is heavier than the LAW and has…

…Every fourth or fifth artillery or mortar round was either smoke or WP. WP also had a toxic effect, easily penetrating Chechen protective masks. (3) The Chechens effectively used RPGs against helicopters. The Chechens made effect…

…The enclosed nature of combat in built-up areas means that a weapon’s signature effect, such as a muzzle blast or backblast, must be considered, as well as the round’s impact on the target…

…In addition to destroying or weakening structures, the tank’s main gun rounds cause casualties by their explosive effects and by hurling debris throughout the interior of structures. e. NGF, artillery, and mortars should initially use…

…In the offense, illumination rounds should burst above the objective to put enemy troops in the light. Buildings reduce the effectiveness of the illumination by creating shadows. If the illumination is behind the objective, the enemy…

…Artillery rounds delivered by direct fire can be very effective for destroying targets in buildings. When used in this manner, the mobility, flexibility, responsiveness, and survivability of gun crews may be reduced. Artillery used in the…

…Tracers or incendiary rounds should be avoided if the threat of fire exists. (d) Turn off electricity and gas. Both propane and natural gas are explosive. Natural gas is also poisonous and is not filtered out…

…A 45-degree downward firing angle doubles the probability of a first-round hit as compared to a ground-level shot. b. Backblast. Backblast characteristics must be considered when employing all recoilless weapons. During combat in…

…Fragmentation generated by antitank rounds and ricochets off of tank armor have historically been a prime cause of casualties while infantry was working with tanks in built-up areas. 11. Artillery. A major source of fire…

…LAVs and AAVs highly are susceptible to armor-piercing rounds and manpacked antiarmor weapons. All vehicles are susceptible to top-attack munitions. Some of the fire support roles armored vehicles may provide include: Suppression and/or…

…Immediately after the explosion, the assault element clearing team enters and uses three round bursts to fire into the interior of the room, concentrating on areas that are possible enemy positions. e. Once inside the building…

…They should select positions that allow the backblast to escape, such as corner windows where the round fired goes out one window and the backblast escapes from another. The corner of a building can be improved…

…A Marine then sprays the lower room with gunfire using three-round bursts and drops through the mousehole. Figure C-3. Upper Floors Secured h. Marines should avoid predictability when entering and clearing rooms. They should…

…Elevated firing positions increase the first-round hit probability. Firing down at an angle of 20 degrees increases the chance of a hit by 67 percent at 200 meters. A 45-degree downward angle doubles the…

…Tank HEAT Round Effects on Reinforced Concrete Walls e. Employment. Tank-heavy forces could be at a severe disadvantage during combat in built-up areas, but a few tanks working with the infantry can be most…

…The mortar’s high angle of fire allows the round to reach the street level accurately without being masked by surrounding structures. During the battle for Hue city, the most effective fire support provided to Marines…

…The 20-mm cannon rounds penetrate only slightly better than the .50-caliber round, 20-mm armor-piercing rounds can ricochet badly, and tracers can start fires. (4) The AC-130 aircraft has weapons that can…