…amphibious ships with elements of a Marine expeditionary brigade embarked were sent south from the North Arabian Sea toward Somalia. Initial plans called for evacuation of the endangered Americans through Mogadishu’s international airport, utilizing Air…

Appendix A A-2 JP 3-60 and its territories, or territorial seas, unless otherwise directed by SecDef. See CJCSI 3121.01, Standing Rules of Engagement/Standing Rules for the Use of Force for US Forces…

…Most airborne navigation and littoral operations depend on mean sea level (MSL) altitudes and elevations. Both can be accurate, but the problem is that several methods to convert between HAE and MSL are in use. This…

…For example, one of the JFC’s objectives associated with the seize initiative phase of an operation might be to prevent the enemy’s navy from interfering with friendly force sea transit through a choke point…

…The SROE establishes fundamental policies and procedures for US commanders and their forces during military operations and contingencies outside the US and its territories and outside US territorial seas and airspace. SROE also apply to air…

…Exclusion zones can be established in the air (no-fly zones), sea (maritime), or on land (no-drive zones). An exclusion zone’s purpose may be to persuade nations or groups to modify their behavior to…

…Operation DESERT STORM began with a major airpower effort—from both land and sea—against strategic targets; Iraqi air, land, and naval forces; logistic infrastructure; and command and control (C2). Land and special operations forces supported…

…For example, the ability to generate sufficient combat power through long-range air operations or from the sea can provide for effective force projection in the absence of timely or unencumbered access. Other opposed situations may…

…In part, this effort is national or multinational, involving maintenance of intertheater (between theaters) air and sea LOCs. Supporting CCDRs can greatly enhance this effort. e. Space Considerations. Space operations are a critical enabler that supports…

…The ability to project fires and employ forces from sea-based assets combined with their C2, ISR, and IO capabilities are formidable tools that JFCs can use to gain and maintain initiative. Maritime forces operating in…

…JTF HQ can be land- or sea-based with transitions between both basing options. JTFs are normally assigned a JOA. (4) Forming the joint force HQ and task organizing the joint force prior to operations can…

…supporting the lead agency, department, or organization. “US military power today is unsurpassed on the land and sea and in the air, space, and cyberspace. The individual Services have evolved capabilities and competencies to maximize their…

…Because the Navy’s “forward from the sea” concept and its large airpower capability, US Navy intelligence has a focus in many ways similar to Air Force intelligence. There are three main organizations that Airmen can…

…Similarly, a joint force maritime component commander (JFMCC) may be supported for a sea control mission while simultaneously supporting a JFACC to achieve air superiority over the operational area. (5) Other authorities granted to commanders, and…

…A tactical exercise carried out at sea, in the air, on the

…effect MOP measure of performance MQT mission qualification training MSIC Missile and Space Intelligence Center MSL mean sea level NA national assessment NAF numbered air force NASIC National Air and Space Intelligence Center NGA National Geospatial…

…joint special operations area (JSOA), and AO. “US military power today is unsurpassed on the land and sea and in the air, space, and cyberspace. The individual Services have evolved capabilities and competencies to maximize their…

…For example, the B-52 may be the most capable aerial platform for delivering land and sea mines, while the Tomahawk land attack missile may be the best weapon for engaging early warning sites. (2) Support…

…Operations conducted to protect US navigation, overflight and related interests on, under and over the seas. (Approved for incorporation into JP 1-02.) friendly force information requirement. Information the commander and staff need to understand the…

…MISO provide a nonlethal capability to craft messages using a variety of print, audio, audio- visual, and electronic media, which can then be delivered by air, land, and sea-based means or through cyberspace to select…